Suitability of programming languages
is perhaps the most important decision making a step towards achieving success
in a project. With the passage of time, like every other field, programming
languages have also evolved through the stepping stones of different versions,
each of which are studded with modified upgradations that satisfy the user
needs and enhance the workability of any particular programme. Languages like
C, C++, Java, and Python still rule the market of Information Technology. As
Java and Python are very closely related to each other and have almost
equivalent functionalities in different zones of programming, so the choice
between the two is bound to be very difficult. Yet, let us first try to point
out certain differences between them flanked by the advantages and
disadvantages of both of these high-level computer programming languages.
Comparison in Numbers—
⮚
GitHub Ranking (January
2019):
Python with 14.75% monthly active users has recently captured the 2nd position leaving
Java with 14.01% on the 3rd place.
⮚
Stack Overflow Survey
(February 2019): All respondents have put Python on the 4th place with 41.7%
(39.4% of pro devs) votes when Java sits just behind, on the 5th position with
41.1% (39.2% of professionals). It’s interesting that Python is 2nd among the
most loved languages and the 1st of the most wanted to learn. Java is on the
18th and 9th positions, respectively.
⮚
TIOBE Index (April
2019):
Java holds the 1st seat with 15.04% popularity based on web search while Python
is only 4th with 8.17%.
⮚
In addition, we’ve looked at salaries and jobs listed by Indeed.
Java developers are more popular with 14,269 US employees and the average
compensation of $102,768 per year. Python engineers have higher salaries of
$123,686 per year on average but there are only 5,931 listings in the database.
It looks like Python is more demanded on the market while
Java is generally more accessible.
Java: Scalability and Speed—
We all know that Java has mainly three parts: Java Virtual
Machine (JVM), Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and Java Development Kit (JDK).
JVM is an abstract machine which creates a platform for the bytecode. The
output that Java compiler produces is not executable code, it is bytecode. A
bytecode is a highly optimized set of instructions, designed to be executed by
the Java runtime system. Major problems associated with web-based programs can
be solved here. This is because only JVM needs to be implemented for each
platform. Although the JVM differs across platforms, every platform understands
the same Java bytecode. Even though Java was designed to be an interpreted
language there is nothing about Java that prevents on-the-fly compilation of
bytecode into a native code so as to boost performance. So, the HotSpot technology
was introduced not long after Java’s initial release. High speed of Java is
another important feature which enables easy use of the language. The
flexibility that we get for Java is due to its object-oriented properties like
platform independence, abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism and
inheritance. Java is a great powerful tool for building big projects that are
easy to scale.
Python: Flexibility and Ease—
When you crave for a lightly loaded program, Python should
always be your choice. You will have to write less code when you opt for
Python. So for newcomers, better readability is opted through the choice of
Python. Python has a very high boosted popularity when it comes to DevOps.
Although Python is not the best one for highly specialized apps designed to
work with data, Python offers easy-to-use tools for developing projects for
processing big blocks of information. The central objective of Python
developers is to find just one way to solve the problem. If you think of
developing a project innovative enough to implement artificial intelligence,
Python shouldn’t have any alternative for you.
Java is compiled while Python is interpreted. Java is a fast
language and hence it is used where speed is an issue. Python is user-friendly,
and hence the body of the code is not very bulky. Mobile creators require a
profound knowledge of Java. Artificial Intelligence experts and DevOps
engineers work with Python due to its simplicity and user-friendly
characteristic.
However, each of them has its own unique features and we use
both of them as per their suitability in respective programs.
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